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法案实施2年来，新西兰共有670人安乐死_我的网站

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一 | 转自新西兰中文先驱公众号（ID:chinese_herald）新西兰的安乐死法案——《生命终结选择法》于 2021 年 11 月 7 日生效，到2023年12月31日期间，新西兰安乐死服务机构收到1715份申请，总共实施了670例安乐死。

二 |

The general assembly of the Lixun-1 upper stage Photo: Courtesy of CAS Space

The Lixun-1 upper stage Photo: Courtesy of CAS Space
Lixun-1 upper stage, a versatile "space tug" developed by China's commercial space firm CAS Space, is scheduled to make its maiden flight in the first quarter of 2027 after completing a series of key propulsion-system tests, the developer and its chief designer told the Global Times on Tuesday.
The "tug" is designed to ferry satellites from one orbit to another and support missions ranging from constellation deployment to lunar exploration.
While the main stages of a rocket carry payloads from the ground into an initial orbit, an upper stage takes over once the craft is in space. By repeatedly restarting its engine and changing orbit, Lixun-1 can deliver satellites to higher or different orbits, distribute multiple spacecraft to separate destinations during a single launch, or send probes onto trajectories toward the moon and beyond, Global Times learned from the developer.
Yang Haoliang, chief designer of the Lixun-1 upper stage, compared the system to a shuttle service. "If the regular stages of a launch vehicle are like a long-distance bus," - they carry the upper stage and satellites from Earth to a near-Earth parking orbit - the upper stage then takes over as a "space tug," carrying its satellite "passengers" onward to their designated orbital "stops," Yang explained.
That capability can have a direct impact on how efficiently satellites are launched and operated, Yang said. If a satellite has to climb from an initial orbit to its final destination using its own engine, the process can consume a considerable amount of onboard propellant and reduce the fuel available during its operational life. An upper stage can instead perform that orbital transfer, helping conserve satellite fuel and potentially extend its service life.
It can also make one rocket launch do more work. Instead of releasing a batch of satellites into roughly the same orbit, Lixun-1 can repeatedly ignite its engine and maneuver between deployments, sending different satellites to different altitudes and inclinations. Yang said this would help accelerate constellation deployment while improving the efficiency of individual launches.
The practical ambitions behind the system are backed by a major technical milestone reached this month. In August, Lixun-1 completed its PV-001 integrated propulsion-system coordination firing test, during which the entire system operated smoothly for 566 seconds.
Yang told the Global Times that the current Lixun-1 upper stage has a thrust of 20 kilonewtons and can achieve a specific impulse of 315 seconds, which he described as reaching an internationally leading level. The August firing covered the planned profile for the maiden mission, an important step before the system proceeds to flight testing.
The test was more than a demonstration of the engine itself. As an important system-level verification during development, it examined the coordination and engineering reliability of the engine pressurization system, propellant delivery system, propellant management system and servo-control system under the fully integrated configuration.
Of a series of tests that accumulated 5,211 seconds of firing time, the latest one focused on three core technologies: a high-thrust, high-performance 20-kilonewton upper-stage engine capable of multiple starts; balanced propellant delivery from multiple parallel tanks; and a highly reliable integrated electrical system. Their successful verification means Lixun-1 has completed its system-level testing and is ready to move into the flight-test phase, according to the developer.
Lixun-1 has been designed as a modular and generally adaptable upper stage rather than a system tied to only one rocket. It is intended to work with CAS Space's Kinetica-2 and Kinetica-2 heavy-lift variants as well as other launch vehicles, Yang said.
When paired with the Kinetica-2 family, Lixun-1 could significantly expand the rocket's mission range. For communications missions, it could deliver satellites to geosynchronous transfer orbit or even directly to geosynchronous orbit, conserving satellite propellant while supporting the deployment of high-throughput satellites and future 6G communications spacecraft.
For multi-satellite missions, the combination could distribute spacecraft to different orbital altitudes and inclinations during a single launch, potentially serving both low-Earth-orbit constellations and medium- or high-orbit payloads. For deep-space missions, it could place probes onto Earth-moon transfer trajectories and support lunar exploration, Yang said.
The upper stage is designed to be able to conduct more than 20 engine ignitions, autonomously plan orbital-transfer routes and operate under the vacuum and extreme temperature conditions of space. After completing payload deployment, it can also carry out orbital disposal maneuvers to reduce space-debris risks.
Yang said the Lixun-1 and Kinetica-2 combination is designed to cover the vast majority of commercial satellite launch requirements while retaining the ability to participate in major national space projects. More broadly, the upper stage forms part of CAS Space's effort to build launch capabilities reaching medium and high Earth orbits and deep space, extending the reach of China's commercial space sector toward higher orbits and more distant destinations.
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三 | Advertise with us 按照法定要求，今年要对安乐死法案进行审查。虽然过去快3年了，但安乐死仍然是卫生领域有争议的问题。新西兰临终关怀中心的绝大多数成员都反对安乐死的做法——只有一名成员在现场主持安乐死。相反，媒体也与医生进行了交谈，尽管他们最初反对，但现在由于他们自己对法律规定的观察而支持这种做法。新西兰临终关怀中心首席执行官Wayne Naylor认为，卫生专业人员仍然“对辅助死亡感到有点不舒服”。他说，国际姑息治疗运动从来不支持加速死亡的事情。 Naylor说：“我们的目标既不是加速也不是推迟死亡，姑息治疗有它自己的医学领域。” “因此，引入辅助死亡与这一基本理念背道而驰。” 卫生部在一份声明中表示，“目前正在与政府就审查的职权范围进行接触”。

四 | 卫生部表示：“正如政府的联合协议所示，审查条款将由各方商定。” （本文图片来源：1NEWS 视频截图）更多阅读：尊重病人“不抢救意愿”！这地已出台条例疫情影响下，更多新西兰人开始“思考人生” 86岁巨星阿兰·德龙决定安乐死：变老很烦人这届年轻人想得多：数字遗产留还是删？怎么留？留给谁？把“死亡”纳入人生规划这届“00后”已开始立遗嘱了注：凡引用、摘录或转自其他媒体的作品，本网对其观点、真实性和知识产权恕不负责。致力于帮助文章传播，希望能够与作者建立长期合作关系。若有任何问题请联系[email protected]。

五 | chineseherald.co.nz All Rights Reserved 版权所有相关内容突发！北岸Browns Bay发生捅人事件！照片公布！奥克兰K Rd标志性彩虹路面遭恶意破坏奥克兰人要疯！公共交通还要涨价或削减服务，地税也可能更高！一定会减税！政府发布首个预算政策声明一到放假就下雨！这个长周末，天气不太美啊…… 2023年下半年世界华文传媒新媒体影响力榜：新西兰中文先驱社媒全球Top 3！新西兰国会系统遭中国黑客攻击？中使馆：已提出严正交涉奥克兰人和惠灵顿人注意！这些公共交通优惠快要取消了。

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